Shawnee

• The Shawnee were among the better known of the Ohio American Indians. They lived in the lower Scioto River Valley from the late 1600s until the 1830s, when the U.S. government forced them to give up their land. They were allies of the French during the French and Indian War, and later with the British during the American Revolution. One of the most famous Shawnee was Tecumseh, who tried to unite the native tribes west of the Appalachian Mountains to push the Americans out of their lands. Gen. William Henry Harrison defeated the Shawnee and their allies at the battle of Tippecanoe in 1811, and Tecumseh was killed two years later in the Battle of the Thames during the War of 1812.
  
  

Miami

• The Miami moved into the Maumee Valley of Ohio about 1700 and became the most powerful tribe in Ohio. Like the Shawnee, the Miami tribe allied with the French in the French and Indian War. After the war, many of the Miami left Ohio to avoid the British, but those who remained later sided with the British during the American Revolution. They signed away much of their lands during the Treaty of Greenville, and inhabitants of the last reservation were forced out of Ohio in 1818.
  
  

Ottawa

• The Ottawa first moved into Ohio in 1740 and mainly settled in the northern areas of Ohio. The were defeated by Gen. Anthony Wayne along with the Delaware, Shawnee, Miami and other tribes at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. They were later moved to a reservation in Kansas.
  
  

Delaware

• The Delaware Indians originally lived in an area of present day New Jersey along the Delaware River until they fled westward from the Europeans. Some settled in eastern Ohio along the Muskingum River, while others settled along the Auglaize River. The Delaware were forced to surrender most of their lands during the Treaty of Greenville, and the remaining were forced west of the Mississippi River in 1829.
  
  

Iroquois

• The Iroquois Indians resided in the area of New York state but pushed into the Ohio valley about 1850 after six Iroquois tribes banded together to form a confederacy. The Iroquois pushed out and conquered Ohio tribes as they searched for new hunting and trapping lands. The conflict became known as the Beaver Wars. A very small number of Iroquois remain in Ohio today.
  
  

Other Tribes

• Other Indians that lived in the region included the Mingo, also known as the Ohio Seneca Indians, who lived in eastern and central Ohio, and the Wyandot, who lived in an area stretching from northern Ohio to as far south as Ross County.