Adult onset diabetes, also known as Type 2 diabetes, is normally diagnosed in adults over the age of 45.
However, it can begin at any age, and the increase of Type 2 diabetes in children has alarmed many health care officials.
Unlike juvenile onset diabetes, Type 2 diabetes seldom requires insulin injections.
Instead, it is normally managed through a program of diet, exercise, and, if needed, oral medications.
Diabetes currently has no cure.
When the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin to maintain blood sugar levels, or when the body cannot utilize it properly, diabetes can occur.
Insulin is needed for the body to take glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream and store it in cells.
If the glucose remains in the bloodstream, it can cause damage to major organs.
In addition, the body is unable to utilize the glucose as a source of energy.
Some diabetics may have no symptoms whatsoever, while many fail to recognize their symptoms as warning signs of diabetes.
These warning signs include weight loss and numbness or burning of the extremities.
Excessive thirst or hunger, blurred vision, and waking up to urinate (and going more often during the day) may also signal the onset of diabetes.
Complications from diabetes may include kidney failure and nerve damage, particularly in the feet and legs.
In addition, diabetes increases the patient's risk for stroke, heart attack, and atherosclerosis.
There is also some evidence that it may also be a contributing factor in some forms of dementia.
Being overweight is one risk factor for developing Type 2 diabetes.
Patients with the condition, or those who are borderline, should try to reduce their body weight.
Exercise is not only beneficial to weight loss, but increased cardiovascular activity also helps to control blood sugar levels.
Eating a balanced, healthy diet is an important part of the treatment plan.
Consistency is important, and eating around the same times each day is recommended.
Also, meals should include the same types of food in the same proportions.
A proper diabetic diet does not need to be costly.
Some of the best foods for those with diabetes are also some of the least expensive.
These include beans, oatmeal, and barley.
Tomatoes and citrus fruits are recommended, as are leafy green vegetables, such as spinach.
Dairy products such as milk and yogurt are good choices, but only if the fat free versions are chosen.
Sugars should be eaten sparingly, and with prior planning by the reduction of other carbohydrates in the same meal.
Controlling diabetes involves a partnership between the patient and his or her physician.
By making the lifestyle changes needed, the symptoms can be controlled and potential complications avoided.