Bacteria

• Salmonella enterica typhi is a rod-shaped, gram-negative bacterium that causes typhoid fever.
  
  

Transmission

• Salmonella typhi is transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium. This is predominantly via the fecal-oral route since the bacteria is passed in the stools of a carrier.
  
  

Symptoms

• A high sustained fever of 103/104 ºF is an early symptom. Additional symptoms include muscle pain, headache, malaise, fatigue, and constipation. Testing a blood or stool sample for salmonella typhi will confirm the diagnosis.
  
  

Treatment

• Antibiotics are usually prescribed for the treatment of typhoid fever. The three most commonly prescribed are ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.
  
  

Prevention/Solution

• Consider getting vaccinated against Salmonella typhi if you are traveling to a country with a high prevalence of typhoid fever. Avoid risky food and beverages like food from street vendors, and always boil water.