Constructing the Pond

• 1). Allocate around 40% of the surface of the pond to the deep zone. The deep part of the pond should be at least 2 feet deep. Around 30% of the surface area should be an intermediate depth of 1 to 2 feet, and the final 30% should be around 1 feet deep.
  
  
• 2). Choose a space for the pond where rain water cannot run into it. Rain water causes algae to grow and spread, and it can carry chemicals and fertilizers into the water.
  
  
• 3). Install a pond skimmer so that any debris that falls into the water can be scooped up before it sinks to the bottom of the pond. Up to 85% of debris can be removed successfully this way.
  
  
• 4). Avoid constructing your pond using concrete, limestone or marble. These materials have high pH levels, which can create excessive algae growth.
  
  
• 5). Purchase a water filter and pump of suitable size for the pond. The pump should be able to move at least half of the total volume of water in the pond. The filter must be an appropriate size and able to work effectively 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
  
  

Pond Maintenance

• 1). Remove any large debris with a net. Keep an eye on the amount of sludge at the bottom of the pond. You will need to remove any more than a quarter of an inch of debris. To remove small debris, use a vacuum.
  
  
• 2). Cover two thirds of the surface of the pond with water lilies or other floating plants. Install underwater plants to soak up excess nutrients that would otherwise promote algae.
  
  
• 3). Shade the pond from direct sunlight either with plants or erecting a canopy that will starve the algae of sunlight.