Cystinuria Important
It is possible that the main title of the report Cystinuria is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.

Synonyms

• Cistinuria
• Cystine-Lysine-Arginine-Ornithinuria
• Cystinuria with Dibasic Aminoaciduria

Disorder Subdivisions

• Cystinuria, Type I
• Cystinuria, Type II
• Cystinuria, Type III
• Hypercystinuria

General Discussion

Cystinuria is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the abnormal movement (transport) in the intestines and kidneys, of certain organic chemical compounds (amino acids). These include cystine, lysine, arginine, and ornithine. Excessive amounts of undissolved cystine in the urine (cystinuria) cause the formation of stones (calculi) in the kidney, bladder, and/or ureter.

Four subtypes of Cystinuria are recognized. In Type I Cystinuria, there is a defect in the active transport of cystine and the amino acids (dibasic) lysine, arginine, and ornithine in the kidneys and small intestine. People who are carriers of the gene for this type of the disorder generally have no symptoms. In Type II Cystinuria, cystine and lysine transport is severely impaired in the kidneys and only somewhat impaired in the intestines. In Type III Cystinuria, kidney transport of cystine and lysine is defective; intestinal transport is normal. People who are carriers of the gene for this variety of the disease typically have slightly elevated levels of cystine and lysine in the urine. In Hypercystinuria, there is generally a moderate elevation of cystine in the urine; intestinal absorption of cystine and the dibasic amino acids is normal.

Resources

Cystinuria Support Network
22814 NE 21st Place
Redmond, WA 98053
Tel: (425)868-2996
Fax: (425)897-0675
Email: sue@cystinuria.com
Internet: http://www.cystinuria.com

March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
Tel: (914)997-4488
Fax: (914)997-4763
Tel: (888)663-4637
Email: Askus@marchofdimes.com
Internet: http://www.marchofdimes.com

American Kidney Fund, Inc.
11921 Rockville Pike
Suite 300
Rockville, MD 20852
USA
Tel: (800)638-8299
Email: helpline@kidneyfund.org
Internet: http://www.kidneyfund.org

National Kidney Foundation
30 East 33rd Street
New York, NY 10016
Tel: (212)889-2210
Fax: (212)689-9261
Tel: (800)622-9010
Email: info@kidney.org
Internet: http://www.kidney.org

Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
PO Box 8126
Gaithersburg, MD 20898-8126
Tel: (301)251-4925
Fax: (301)251-4911
Tel: (888)205-2311
TDD: (888)205-3223
Internet: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD/

Madisons Foundation
PO Box 241956
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Tel: (310)264-0826
Fax: (310)264-4766
Email: getinfo@madisonsfoundation.org
Internet: http://www.madisonsfoundation.org

International Cystinuria Foundation
712 Great Plains Court
PO Box 271004
Fort Collins, CO 80527-1004
Tel: (970)204-0031
Email: Matthew.Lewis@colostate.edu
Internet: http://www.cystinuria.org

Rare Kidney Stone Consortium
Mayo Clinic
200 First St., SW
Rochester, MN 55901
Tel: (507)266-8265
Fax: (507)255-0770
Tel: (800)270-4637
Email: rarekidneystones@mayo.edu
Internet: http://www.rarekidneystones.org