The Intestinal Microbiome in Spondyloarthritis
The Intestinal Microbiome in Spondyloarthritis
Understanding the complexity and dynamic nature of the gut microbiome and its role in inflammatory disorders including SpA is a work in progress. During homeostasis, host–microbe interactions in the gut guide the normal development of host immune response, whereas microbial dysbiosis is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Currently, the broad spectrum of disease observed in both SpA patient populations and in animal models (e.g. the strain-specific development of disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rats) provides an opportunity to dissect genetic, environment, and microbiota-specific differences that underline SpA pathogenesis. Enticingly, antibiotic treatment, probiotic and prebiotic delivery, and even fecal transplant are all examples of how the microbiota may be readily manipulated. Moreover, the identification of SpA-associated microbiota phenotypes may aid in the diagnosis or prognosis of HLA-B27-dependent disease. In summary, microbiome research has the potential to revolutionize research, diagnosis, and treatment of SpA.
Conclusion
Understanding the complexity and dynamic nature of the gut microbiome and its role in inflammatory disorders including SpA is a work in progress. During homeostasis, host–microbe interactions in the gut guide the normal development of host immune response, whereas microbial dysbiosis is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Currently, the broad spectrum of disease observed in both SpA patient populations and in animal models (e.g. the strain-specific development of disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rats) provides an opportunity to dissect genetic, environment, and microbiota-specific differences that underline SpA pathogenesis. Enticingly, antibiotic treatment, probiotic and prebiotic delivery, and even fecal transplant are all examples of how the microbiota may be readily manipulated. Moreover, the identification of SpA-associated microbiota phenotypes may aid in the diagnosis or prognosis of HLA-B27-dependent disease. In summary, microbiome research has the potential to revolutionize research, diagnosis, and treatment of SpA.
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